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Change of haematite to limonite Fe2O3 ⇌ Fe2O3 . 3H2O is an example of :

  • A.Hydrolysis
  • B.Hydration
  • C.Carbonation
  • D.Chelation

Answer: B

The change is an example of hydration.

In hydration, water molecules are taken into a mineral's structure without breaking it down chemically. Haematite, Fe2O3, adds water to become limonite, Fe2O3.3H2O (more strictly a mix of hydrated iron oxides). The mineral swells and softens, which helps weathering.

Hydrolysis is different: water's H+ and OH- ions react with the mineral and replace its cations, as when feldspar becomes clay. Carbonation is reaction with carbonic acid, as in limestone solution. Chelation is the binding of metal ions by organic compounds.

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