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Indian Geography Questions and Answers

401.

The study of plant communities in relation to their habitats of a given ecosystem is known as:

Answer: B

This is synecology.

Synecology studies whole communities in relation to their environment - how populations of many species interact and how the community as a whole responds to habitat. Autecology, by contrast, studies a single species or individual.

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Answer: D

They are phototrophs and chemotrophs.

Both make their own food, differing only in the energy source: phototrophs such as green plants and cyanobacteria use sunlight, while chemotrophs such as the nitrifying and sulphur bacteria use energy released by oxidising inorganic compounds - which is how life persists in deep-sea vents where no light reaches.

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403.

The Naharkatiya oil field is located in:

Answer: C

The Naharkatiya oil field is in Assam.

It lies in Dibrugarh district and was discovered in 1953, the first major find after independence. Its crude is piped to the refineries at Noonmati, Barauni and Digboi.

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404.

The largest mangrove forest in the world is located in:

Answer: B

The largest mangrove forest is in West Bengal.

The Sundarbans, shared with Bangladesh, cover about 10,000 sq km in the delta of the Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna. The name comes from the sundari tree, and the forest is the last stronghold of the Royal Bengal tiger in a mangrove habitat.

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405.

The water body separating Andaman and Nicobar is known as:

Answer: C

They are separated by the Ten Degree Channel.

It runs along the 10°N parallel, is about 150 km wide and 750 m deep, and separates Little Andaman from Car Nicobar. The Nine Degree Channel separates Minicoy from the rest of Lakshadweep, and the Eight Degree Channel separates Minicoy from the Maldives.

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407.

The sun’s rays can be vertically overhead only up to 23½° north and south latitudes because

Answer: D

Because the earth's axis is inclined at 66½° to the plane of its orbit.

That inclination is the same as a tilt of 23½° from the vertical, so as the earth revolves the vertical rays move only between 23½°N and 23½°S. Those two limits are the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, and the tilt is also what gives us the seasons.

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408.

The Richter scale on which intensity/ magnitude of a quake is measured was developed in:

Answer: C

The Richter scale was developed in 1935.

Charles Richter devised it at the California Institute of Technology with Beno Gutenberg. It is logarithmic: each whole number is a tenfold increase in wave amplitude and about thirty-two times the energy.

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410.

The largest producers of coffee in the world is:

Answer: B

Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer.

It has led for over 150 years and grows roughly a third of the world's coffee, chiefly arabica in Minas Gerais and São Paulo. Vietnam is second, mostly robusta; India is sixth or seventh, with coffee from Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

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