The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol by yeast is called
Answer: A
Correct answer: Fermentation
Converting sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxide by yeast, in the absence of air, is fermentation. Pasteurisation is a heat treatment that kills microorganisms, and alcoholism is a disease of dependence - neither is a chemical process.
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The pores in bread are due to gas bubbles of
Answer: D
Correct answer: Carbon dioxide
Yeast ferments the sugars in the dough and releases carbon dioxide, which is trapped as bubbles by the gluten. Baking sets the structure around them, leaving the pores - and driving off the alcohol produced alongside.
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Deliberately injecting weak microbes into a healthy body and producing antibodies to fight against strong microbes is called _______
Answer: C
Correct answer: Vaccination
Vaccination introduces a weakened or killed organism, or a part of one, so that the body mounts a response and retains memory cells. A later encounter with the real pathogen is then met at once. Antibiotics treat an infection already present; a vaccine prevents one.
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The parasite that causes malaria is carried by the
Answer: B
Correct answer: Female Anopheles Mosquito
Only the female mosquito bites, because she needs a blood meal to develop her eggs - the male feeds on nectar. The malaria parasite Plasmodium is carried by the female Anopheles; Aedes carries dengue and chikungunya.
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