Computer Fundamentals Questions and Answers

Answer: A

Correct answer: Transmission control protocol

TCP is the Transmission Control Protocol, the transport-layer half of TCP/IP. It turns the unreliable packet delivery of IP into a reliable ordered byte stream by numbering the bytes, acknowledging what arrives, retransmitting what does not, and controlling the rate of sending.

Answer: C

Correct answer: HTML

Web pages are written in HTML - HyperText Markup Language - whose tags mark up the headings, paragraphs, links and images that the browser then renders. HTTP is the protocol that carries the page, a URL is the address it is fetched from, and FTP is a file transfer protocol.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Printer

A touch screen, a mouse and a keyboard all carry information into the computer, so they are input devices. A printer takes results out of the machine and puts them on paper, which makes it the output device in the list.

Answer: D

Correct answer: All of the above

A dynamic page is assembled rather than served ready-made, and all three have a hand in it: HTML supplies the structure the browser renders, CGI lets the server run a program that generates the page for each request, and Java (with applets and server-side code) supplies logic on either side. Since each plays a part, the combined option is right.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Programs

A compiler and an interpreter are themselves programs - software written to read another program as input and either translate it into machine code or execute it directly. They are not hardware, not codes, and not mnemonics; the mnemonics belong to the assembly language they may be asked to process.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Kilobyte

The units run kilobyte → megabyte → gigabyte → terabyte, each a thousand-and-twenty-four times the one before: \( 1\ \text{KB} = 1024 \) bytes, \( 1\ \text{GB} = 1024^3 \) bytes and \( 1\ \text{TB} = 1024^4 \) bytes. The kilobyte is therefore the smallest of those offered.

Answer: A

Correct answer: First generation computer

UNIVAC I, delivered in 1951, was built from vacuum tubes and programmed in machine language - the defining features of the first generation. Transistors mark the second generation, integrated circuits the third, and microprocessors the fourth.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Plotter

A plotter draws on paper, so it is an output device. Scanners, keyboards and microphones all carry information into the computer, which is what defines an input device.

Answer: C

Correct answer: 1024 gigabyte

Each step up the scale multiplies by 1024, so \[ 1\ \text{TB} = 1024\ \text{GB} = 1024^2\ \text{MB} = 1024^3\ \text{KB} = 1024^4\ \text{bytes} \] which is 1,099,511,627,776 bytes. A terabyte is therefore 1024 gigabytes.

Answer: C

Correct answer: APPEND

APPEND adds the contents of one file to the end of another, leaving a single combined file. RENAME only changes a file’s name, RESTORE copies files back from a backup, and there is no ADD command for this purpose.