Addressing Learning Difficulties Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Children with learning difficulties typically have confusion with letters and alphabets that look alike.

Specific learning difficulties such as dyslexia show up as persistent problems with reading, spelling and writing, for example confusing letters like b and d or p and q, despite adequate teaching and normal intelligence.

Reading problems due to poor sight are a visual impairment, not a learning difficulty. Difficulty regulating emotions is not the defining feature, and learning difficulties occur in children with average or above-average IQ, not very low IQ.

Answer: C

A child who leaves out letters, changes their place, or writes numbers wrongly (12 as 21) has a learning disability, specifically dyslexia and dysgraphia, that is not due to a lack of intelligence. It is not a physical, mental or speech disability. The answer is option C.

Answer: A

Students with dyslexia can be taught to read through systematic phonological training.

Dyslexia is a specific learning difficulty rooted mainly in phonological processing, linking sounds with letters. Structured, explicit, systematic and often multisensory teaching of phonemic awareness and phonics, with plenty of practice, is the approach best supported by research.

Giving texts above the child's level or long, complex passages increases difficulty and frustration. Conditioning by association does not address the underlying phonological problem.

Answer: A

The correct matching is (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii).

• Difficulty in oral language shows as difficulty in understanding questions (iv).
• Difficulty in reading and writing, as in dyslexia, shows as difficulty linking letters with sounds (i).
• Difficulty in social behaviour may show as hyperactivity (ii).
• Difficulty in motor skills shows in fine tasks such as tying shoes (iii).

The other options link motor skills or reading with the wrong sign.