Question - Statements Questions and Answers

Answer: A

Only reason I is a possible reason. The statement says that highest Christmas temperatures in many years are linked, to some extent, to global warming. Reason I says that global warming is responsible, to some extent, for high temperatures in some cities, which restates the cause given by the experts and so explains the event. Reason II says that solar energy helps in reducing global warming, which has no bearing on why temperatures have gone up. Therefore only I explains the observation, which excludes the options that include II.

Answer: A

Statement (I) is the cause and statement (II) is the effect. If the price of tea increases, people who find it too costly tend to switch to a cheaper substitute such as coffee, so more coffee is drunk. The reverse does not hold: more coffee drinking would lower the demand for tea and would not push its price up. The two statements are linked and are not independent effects, and there is no third common cause that is suggested by them. So the first option is right.

Answer: C

The key marks neither reason as possible. Reason I says that the literacy rate for females is higher than for males in Kerala. The statement gives only the national figures by sex, and in Kerala, as in every Indian State, the male literacy rate was higher than the female rate in the census figures quoted, so I is not a possible reason and cannot account for Kerala's top place.

Reason II says that Union territories have higher literacy than States. The list in the statement shows Kerala, a State, at the top, and many Union territories have lower rates than several States, so it is not a general fact and does not explain the ranking. So neither I nor II explains the information given.

Answer: B

Statement II is the cause and statement I is the effect. When fuel prices rise, buyers turn to electric vehicles to save running costs, so the sale of electric vehicles increases. The reverse is not natural: a rise in electric vehicle sales would, if anything, reduce fuel demand and not push prices up.

The statements are linked, so the options that call them independent effects (C) or effects of one common cause (D) are wrong, and option A has the direction of cause reversed.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Some beggars may not be poor.

The statement denies that all beggars are poor, which leaves open that some are and some are not - exactly what the keyed conclusion says. It does not tell us that every poor person is a beggar, which reverses the classes, nor does it license either conditional about a particular person A, since a denial of a universal supports no statement about any individual.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Some painters are creative persons.

If many creative people become painters, then at least some painters are creative - a converse that is safe because it is limited to “some”. The other three all overreach: “many” does not mean every creative person becomes a painter, it says nothing about whether creativity is necessary for art, and it certainly does not imply that little creativity is needed.

Answer: A

Correct answer: All floors of buildings with multiple floors may be reached in lifts.

The word to watch is may. The statement guarantees a lift in any building of more than three floors, so where a lift exists it serves the floors - and the keyed conclusion claims only a possibility, which is why it survives. The others assert certainties the statement does not support: buildings of three floors or fewer need no lift, so not all buildings have one, and nothing restricts lifts to the upper floors.

Answer: D

Correct answer: Narendra and Arvind were guilty.

The word only makes the inference valid: if the arrested set contains none but guilty singers, then anyone arrested is a guilty singer, and Narendra and Arvind were arrested. The other three reverse or overextend the classes - that all singers are guilty, that all arrested people are singers, or that these two were not singers - none of which follows from a statement about who was arrested.

Answer: C

Correct answer: There are cheap articles also in that shop.

“Most” means a majority but not all, so some articles are not expensive - which within the terms of the question means cheap. That is the whole inference. The statement says nothing about handmade articles in either direction, and it positively contradicts the claim that no cheap articles are available.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Amar is a celebrity.

The phrase “celebrities like Amar” presupposes that Amar belongs to the class of celebrities; that presupposition is what can be drawn out, and nothing more. Whether Amar is a liar is left open, since the statement says only most. The remaining options invert the relation, making truthfulness disqualify a person from celebrity or lying a route into it.