Which switching technology reduces the size of a broadcast domain?
Answer: C
Correct answer: VLANs
A VLAN is a broadcast domain, so dividing a switch into several VLANs divides its broadcast domain into several smaller ones. ISL and 802.1Q are the tagging methods that let those VLANs cross a trunk, and STP prevents loops - none of the three creates the domains, they only serve them.
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Which of the following provide inter-switch VLAN communication?
1.ISL
2.VTP
3.802.1Q
4.802.3Z
Answer: B
Correct answer: 1 and 3
ISL and 802.1Q are the two trunk encapsulations, and each tags a frame so that the receiving switch knows which VLAN it belongs to - that tagging is what allows one physical link to carry traffic for many VLANs. VTP distributes VLAN definitions rather than carrying traffic, and 802.3z is Gigabit Ethernet over fibre.
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A switch has been configured for three different VLANs: VLAN2, VLAN3, and VLAN4. A router has been added to provide communication between the VLANs. What type of interface is necessary on the router if only one connection is to be made between the router and the switch?
Answer: C
Although you can use either 100Mbps or 1Gbps Ethernet, the 100Mbps is necessary at a minimum and is the best answer to this question. You need to trunk the link from the switch to the router to make this connection work with inter-VLAN communication.
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Which of the following are benefits of VLANs?
1.They increase the size of collision domains.
2.They allow logical grouping of users by function.
3.They can enhance network security.
4.They increase the size of broadcast domains while decreasing the number of collision domains.
5.They simplify switch administration.
6.They increase the number of broadcast domains while decreasing the size of the broadcast domains.
Answer: D
VLANs break up broadcast domains in a switched layer 2 network, which means smaller broadcast domains. They allow configuration by logical function instead of physical location and can create some security if configured correctly.
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Which of the following protocols are used to configure trunking on a switch?
1.VLAN Trunk Protocol
2.VLAN
3.802.1Q
4.ISL
Answer: C
Correct answer: 3 and 4
802.1Q and ISL are the trunking protocols: 802.1Q is the IEEE standard, inserting a four-byte tag into the frame, and ISL is the older Cisco proprietary method that encapsulates the whole frame. VTP is not a trunking protocol - it runs *over* a trunk to distribute VLAN information - and VLAN is not a protocol at all.
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What VTP mode allows you to change VLAN information on the switch?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Server
A VTP server can create, modify and delete VLANs and advertises the changes to the domain. A client accepts advertisements and refuses local changes outright. Transparent mode is the case worth understanding: such a switch keeps its own local VLAN database and forwards advertisements without acting on them, so changes made there stay on that switch and are never propagated.
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You connect a host to a switch port, but the new host cannot log into the server that is plugged into the same switch. What could the problem be?
Answer: D
Correct answer: The switch port the host is connected to is not configured to the correct VLAN membership.
Two devices on the same switch but in different VLANs are in different broadcast domains and cannot reach each other without routing. That is the likely fault, and it is checked with show vlan brief. A router would only be needed if the two were meant to be in different VLANs, VTP concerns VLAN definitions rather than port membership, and an invalid MAC address is not a real condition.
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Which of the following is an IEEE standard for frame tagging?
Answer: C
Correct answer: 802.1Q
802.1Q is the IEEE standard, and it tags a frame by inserting a four-byte field into the existing header, which is why the native VLAN can travel untagged. ISL is Cisco’s proprietary alternative and encapsulates the entire frame rather than tagging it. 802.3z and 802.3u are Gigabit and Fast Ethernet, unrelated to VLANs.
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