Assertion and Reason Questions and Answers

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Muhammad-bin-Tughluq’s schemes - the token currency, the transfer of the capital to Daulatabad, the Deccan campaigns - were imaginative in conception and disastrous in execution. That combination is exactly what earned him the name. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Weeds must indeed be kept out of a crop, so A is true. But the reason given is not the real one: weeds do their damage by competing for water, nutrients and light, and by harbouring pests - not merely by occupying space. R is false.

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Carbon dioxide does turn lime water milky, so A is true. But the milkiness is a precipitate of insoluble calcium carbonate: \[ \mathrm{Ca(OH)_2 + CO_2 \rightarrow CaCO_3 \downarrow + H_2O} \] not any “sullying” of the water. R is false.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Diamond does cut glass and it does have a high refractive index, so both statements are true - but they are unrelated. Diamond cuts glass because it is the hardest natural substance; the refractive index is why it sparkles. R does not explain A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Metals expand when heated, so in summer the wire between two poles becomes slightly longer while the poles stay where they are - and the extra length can only go into a deeper sag. The expansion is exactly the cause. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Eskimos do build igloos of snow, so A is true. But the reason given is wrong: they also use driftwood, whalebone, stone and animal skins, and the igloo is a winter hunting shelter rather than the only thing they can build. R is false.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Both statements are true, but having a constitution is not what makes a country democratic - many undemocratic states have one. India is a democracy because its constitution provides universal adult suffrage and a government answerable to an elected legislature. R does not explain A.

Answer: D

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Pressure-cooker handles really are made of ebonite, so A is true. But the reason is that ebonite is a poor conductor of heat, so the handle stays cool enough to grip - not that it is strong. R is false.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

An earthen pot is porous, so water seeps to the outside and evaporates there, taking its latent heat from the water left behind. That evaporative cooling is exactly why the pot keeps water cold. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: D

Correct answer: Both A and R are false.

A fuse is meant to melt and break the circuit on an overload, so its wire is a tin–lead alloy of low melting point - and it must pass the normal working current freely rather than resist it. Both A and R are false.