Assertion and Reason Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Pluto is indeed the coldest of the bodies traditionally counted as planets, at around \( -230^{\circ}\mathrm{C} \), so A is true. But the cause is its enormous distance from the sun - sunlight there is some 1600 times fainter than at the earth - not the slant of the rays, which is what makes the earth’s poles cold. R is false.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

In its upper course a river is steep and swift, so it cuts downward and carves gorges and V-shaped valleys; the sluggish lower course deposits instead. The speed of flow is exactly why erosion dominates upstream. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Both statements are true, but the reason is too narrow. Rivers supplied drinking water, fertile silt, transport and a defensible site; agriculture is one reason among several, not the whole explanation. R does not explain A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Siddhartha left home after his marriage and the birth of his son, having been shaken by the sights of old age, sickness and death. His purpose was to renounce worldly ties and live as an ascetic in search of release - exactly the reason given. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: D

Correct answer: neither RI nor RII is the reason for the assertion.

The assertion is about indifference - people who neither support nor oppose reservations. RI would explain hostility rather than indifference: those left out of the quota have a grievance, not an absence of interest. RII is an argument against reservations, which is again a stance rather than indifference. Neither accounts for people simply not caring, so neither is the reason.

Answer: B

RI and/or RII must be cause to effect the *Assertion*. This means that if RI or RII is accomplished,the act given in the *Assertion* will be carried out. Let us examine RI and RII from this view-point. RI : Having enough money does not become a cause for spending on such prizes. Hence, RI cannot be a valid reason. RII : If the authors are to be encouraged, they must be given awards or prizes for appreciable works. This is a valid reason.

Answer: D

Correct answer: neither RI nor RII is the reason for the assertion.

RI merely restates the assertion in other words - holding more strategic dialogues is improving bilateral relations, so it explains nothing. RII is an unsupported imputation of motive, and nothing in the assertion points to any third country. Neither is the reason.

Answer: B

Correct answer: only RII and not RI is the reason for the assertion.

The assertion turns on a contrast: the law forbids dowry, yet dowry deaths still rise. What explains that contrast is RII - the law is not deterring those who commit the crime. RI says the practice is customary, which explains why dowry is demanded at all but not why the deaths are increasing in spite of the law. So only RII is the reason.

Answer: B

RI : Just because people watch TV, they need not buy goods by tele-shopping. RI is not strong enough.

RII : If people cannot go to market for any reasons, they would look for an alternative and tele-shopping provides an alternative. RII is a valid reason.

Answer: B

RI : If only computer education is useful, then more people may tend to join these courses. If more people join and the existing coaching centres are not able to accommodate the new joinings, then new centres would be started. The reason explained in RI is based on a hypothetical situation (*no other education is useful*). Moreover, it very vagualy  and indirectly explains the causes for the asseration made. Hence, this cannot be taken as a valid reason.

RII : This explains the cause behind the assertion and is valid.