A common boundary between two systems is called
Answer: B
Correct answer: Interface
An interface is the shared boundary across which two systems meet and exchange information - the connector and signal conventions between hardware units, or the agreed set of calls between software components. Each side can then be changed independently as long as the boundary is honoured.
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The examination and changing of single bits or small groups of bits within a word is called
Answer: C
Correct answer: Bit manipulation
Working on single bits or small groups of bits inside a word - testing, setting, clearing, shifting or masking them - is called bit manipulation, and it is done with the AND, OR, XOR and shift instructions. A bit slice is a hardware technique for building wide processors from narrow ones.
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Which computer has been designed to be as compact as possible?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Micro computer
A microcomputer puts the whole processor on a single chip, which is what allows the entire machine to be built into a desktop or portable case. Minicomputers occupy a cabinet, and mainframes and supercomputers fill a room.
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Which method is used to connect a remote computer?
Answer: B
Correct answer: Dialup
A dial-up connection reaches a distant machine by having a modem place an ordinary telephone call to a modem at the other end; once the two have negotiated, the line carries data. It is the classic way of connecting a remote computer over the public network.
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How many bit code is used by Murray code for TELEPRINTER machines.
Answer: B
Correct answer: 5
The Murray code, the teleprinter code standardised as ITA2, uses 5 bits per character. That gives \( 2^5 = 32 \) patterns - too few for letters, digits and punctuation together, so two of the patterns shift the machine between a letter case and a figure case, doubling the effective set.
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The symbols used in an assembly language are
Answer: B
Correct answer: Mnemonics
Assembly language replaces each binary operation code with a short mnemonic - MOV, ADD, JMP - chosen to remind the programmer what the instruction does, and names memory locations with symbolic labels. The assembler translates those mnemonics back into the machine code.
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The 2's complement of a binary no. is obtained by adding.....to its 1's complement.
Answer: A
Correct answer: 1
The 2’s complement is formed by inverting every bit and then adding 1. For \( 0101 \) the 1’s complement is \( 1010 \), and \[ 1010 + 1 = 1011 \] which represents \( -5 \) in four-bit 2’s complement. The extra 1 is what gives a single representation of zero and lets subtraction be done by addition.
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A systems programming language for microcomputers in the Intel family is
Answer: C
Correct answer: PL/M
PL/M - Programming Language for Microcomputers - was written by Gary Kildall in 1973 for Intel, and was the first high-level language aimed at microprocessors. CP/M and much of Intel’s own systems software were written in it.
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A datum that indicates some important state in the content of input or output is
Answer: B
Correct answer: Sentinel
A sentinel is a value placed in the data stream to mark a significant point - most often the end of a list or a record - so that a loop can stop when it meets the sentinel instead of counting items. The null terminator ending a C string is the familiar example.
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Which is a non-standard version of a computing language?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Army
PROLOG, APL and PL/1 are all defined by published standards. Army is not a standard language, so among these it is the non-standard version.
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