Eugenics is the study of
Answer: A
Eugenics is the study of ways to improve or impair the inherited qualities of future generations, physically or mentally, by controlling who reproduces.
Galton coined the term in 1883. In the twentieth century it was used to justify forced sterilisation and worse, and it is now wholly discredited as a programme.
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Which statement fits the Frontier Ethic?
Answer: C
‘He who has more toys wins’ expresses the frontier ethic.
The frontier ethic assumes that resources are unlimited, that there is always more land beyond, and that humans are apart from nature rather than part of it. The sustainable ethic that opposes it holds that resources are finite and must be shared.
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What is common between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration?
Answer: B
Glycolysis is common to aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
It splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvate in the cytoplasm, without oxygen, yielding a net two ATP. What follows differs: with oxygen the pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain; without it, fermentation to lactate or ethanol.
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The Study of Universe is called
Answer: D
The study of the universe is cosmology - its origin, structure, evolution and eventual fate.
Cosmography, its close relation, is concerned only with describing and mapping what is there. Cosmetology is the study of beauty treatment.
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What is the first step in Photosynthesis?
Answer: D
Photosynthesis begins with the excitation of an electron in chlorophyll by a photon of light.
The energised electron is passed to an acceptor and down the electron transport chain, and the chlorophyll replaces it by splitting water. Everything else - ATP formation, then the fixing of carbon - follows from that first absorption.
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Which of the following is not a polymer?
Answer: B
Glucose is not a polymer - it is a single sugar unit, a monosaccharide.
Starch and cellulose are both polymers of glucose, and DNA is a polymer of nucleotides. Glucose is the monomer from which the first two are built.
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What is Iron Ore used for?
Answer: C
Iron ore is used to make steel.
The ore is reduced with coke in a blast furnace to give pig iron, which is then refined in a converter, where oxygen burns off most of the carbon. Steel is iron with a controlled carbon content of about 0.2 to 2 per cent.
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The Ozone Layer restricts from
Answer: C
The ozone layer blocks ultraviolet radiation.
It absorbs essentially all UV-C and about 90 per cent of UV-B, which would otherwise cause skin cancer and cataracts and damage crops and plankton. Infrared and radio waves pass through it freely.
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Which of the following is generally true about the stratosphere?
Answer: A
The stratosphere is very dry. Almost no water vapour reaches it, because air rising through the tropopause is chilled to about −60°C and its moisture freezes out first.
The layer is also very stable, with temperature rising with height, so there is little vertical mixing to carry moisture up. This is why jet aircraft cruise there in cloudless air.
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Where are the Macronutrients located on a Nutritional Label?
Answer: A
The macronutrients - fat, carbohydrate and protein - are listed at the top of a nutrition label, immediately under the serving size and calories.
Vitamins and minerals, the micronutrients, follow lower down. The order reflects the quantities in which the body needs them.
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