Data Interpretation Questions and Answers

Answer: C

The average production is 25% less than C's 2020 production. State production in 2018: A 450, B 550, C 620, so the average is \[ \frac{450 + 550 + 620}{3} = \frac{1620}{3} = 540 \] State C in 2020 produced 720 lakh tonnes. \[ \begin{aligned} \frac{720 - 540}{720}\times 100 &= \frac{180}{720}\times 100 \\ &= 25\% \end{aligned} \] Dividing the same difference of 180 by 540 instead of 720 would give \(33\frac{1}{3}\)%, which is the wrong base, since the question compares with C's 2020 production; 18% and 20% do not come out of these numbers.

Answer: A

The difference is 0. For CS, the average over the four activities is (20 + 25 + 25 + 22) / 4 = 92 / 4 = 23. For dance, the average over the four schools is (25 + 15 + 22 + 30) / 4 = 92 / 4 = 23. The difference is 23 - 23 = 0.

2, 3 and 5 would result only from misreading a cell in the table.

Answer: B

The difference for school B is 750. From the data the number of students from school B who appeared is 2000 and the number who qualified is 1250. \[ 2000 - 1250 = 750 \] The values 650, 850 and 950 do not match the difference; 650 and 850 are close to it, but they are not the figures of the bars of school B.

Answer: A

The answer is about 13 per cent. For 2012 add the candidates selected in the five districts: 82 + 70 + 48 + 65 + 55 = 320. Add those who qualified: 640 + 560 + 400 + 525 + 350 = 2475. The required percentage is \[\frac{320}{2475} \times 100 \approx 12.9\] which is about 13 per cent. The options 10, 8 and 15 per cent are further from 12.9. The table was read from the page image, where the 2014 Bankura appeared figure reads 4500.

Answer: B

Copper is the mineral whose production decreased continuously from 1991-92 to 1993-94. Its production was 310, 298 and 288 thousand tonnes in the three years, so it fell in each year.

Lead was 112, 160 and 126, so it rose in 1992-93 and then fell. Nickel was 232, 238 and 248, so it rose every year. Zinc was 98, 108 and 96, so it rose and then fell. A continuous decrease needs a fall at both steps, and only copper has that.

Answer: D

School P had the highest percentage.

In 2017 the selected-to-appeared percentages are: M 94/9200 = 1.02%, N 92/6700 = 1.37%, O 89/6780 = 1.31% and P 93/4500 = 2.07%.

P is the highest. M, N and O are all below 1.4%.

The question asks for the percentage selected out of those who appeared, not the percentage who qualified. P has the smallest number of candidates appearing (4500) and a high number selected (93), which makes its ratio the highest. A common mistake is to pick M, which has the largest number selected, 94.

Answer: C

The person eats 100 g of fat.

The three fats together supply 20% + 20% + 5% = 45% of the 2,000 kcal, and every fat gives 9 kcal per gram:

\[ \begin{aligned} \text{Fat energy} &= 0.45 \times 2000 = 900\ \text{kcal} \\ \text{Fat mass} &= 900 / 9 = 100\ \text{g} \end{aligned} \]

44.4 g is the saturated (or unsaturated) fat alone, \(400/9\). 77.8 g is \(700/9\), which uses the 35% carbohydrate share by mistake. 3,600 multiplies the fat energy by 4 instead of dividing by 9.

Answer: C

There are 11 pixels with \(U \le 4\).

Count row by row the entries that are 4 or less:

• Row 1 (0, 1, 0, 2): all 4
• Row 2 (4, 7, 3, 3): 4, 3, 3, that is 3
• Row 3 (5, 5, 4, 4): the two 4s, that is 2
• Row 4 (6, 7, 3, 2): 3 and 2, that is 2

The total is 4 + 3 + 2 + 2 = 11. Counting only values strictly below 4 drops the three 4s and gives 8, which is the trap in option B. 9 and 3 miss further entries.

Answer: A

She earned ₹ 6,100 per shift on average.

The mean number of patients per shift, weighted by the number of shifts, is

\[ \begin{aligned} \bar{X} &= \frac{5(20) + 6(40) + 7(30) + 8(10)}{100} \\ &= \frac{100 + 240 + 210 + 80}{100} = 6.3 \end{aligned} \]

The earning is linear in X, so the average earning is \(1000(\bar{X} - 0.2) = 1000(6.1) = 6100\) rupees. 6,300 is the mean number of patients times 1000, forgetting to subtract the 0.2 per shift. Because the earning rule is linear, averaging X first and averaging the earnings shift by shift give the same 6,100.

Answer: D

The interest is in the ratio 4:3.

In 2006 the graph gives P's rate as 6% and Q's as 4%. Interest is amount times rate, so with amounts in the ratio 8:9:

\[ \begin{aligned} \frac{I_{P}}{I_{Q}} &= \frac{8 \times 6}{9 \times 4} \\ &= \frac{48}{36} = \frac{4}{3} \end{aligned} \]

P earns more despite the smaller deposit because its rate is one and a half times Q's. The ratios 2:3, 3:4 and 6:7 all put Q ahead, which would need Q's rate to be the higher one, as it was in 2002, 2004 and 2005 but not in 2006.