Statement - Assumptions Questions and Answers

Answer: D

The key gives neither Assumption I nor II is implicit.

An assumption is implicit only if the statement would make no sense without it. The statement is a plain prohibition: retired persons should not be appointed to executive posts in other organisations. It gives no reason, so any reason a reader supplies is a guess about the writer's thinking, not something the sentence needs to take for granted.

Assumption I (retired persons may lack zeal and commitment) is one possible reason, but the same advice could rest on age, on keeping posts open for younger people or on possible conflicts of interest. Assumption II goes further and says that retired persons do not take interest in the work and welfare of the new organisation, a sweeping claim the statement does not need. Neither is required, so neither is implicit.

A reader could argue that Assumption I is the most natural reason and so is implied; the key takes the stricter reading, and this explanation follows the key.

Answer: A

Only assumption I is implicit. When a department instructs students to stop ragging on the premises, the person giving the instruction takes it for granted that the students are able to stop, that is, that they may stop ragging. Assumption I is therefore implied by the instruction. Assumption II says students may continue ragging. An instruction to stop is given so that it will not continue, and the statement does not assume that continuing is acceptable, so II is not an assumption of the statement. Since only I is implicit, the either-or and neither options are wrong.

Answer: C

The answer is Both I and II are implicit.

An assumption is implicit if the statement takes it for granted. By announcing the test well in advance, the teacher assumes students can use the time until then to prepare (I). By fixing the test for a particular Saturday, the teacher assumes the school will be open that day, since a test cannot be held in a closed school (II).

Both assumptions underlie the announcement, so options that accept only one, or neither, are wrong.

Answer: A

The answer is Assumption I is strong.

If the alliance seeks to bring down the cost of producing solar power, it is implied that it will work on the factors that drive the cost, of which research and development, especially in efficient and cheap storage, is central.

Assumption II does not follow: lowering costs does not require members to be legally bound to raise generation, and the International Solar Alliance works through voluntary cooperation rather than binding targets. So only I is implicit.

Answer: A

The answer is Assumption I is strong.

A teacher who asks the class to keep a particular book obviously considers it a good, well-written book for the subject; otherwise there would be no reason to recommend it.

Assumption II is not implicit: the teacher may recommend the book without assuming every student can afford it (students may share copies or use the library). So only I is strong.

Answer: A

Only assumption I is implicit.

A government makes loans cheaper to encourage borrowing, so the decision assumes that cheaper home loans will lead more people to take them. That is assumption I.

Assumption II does not follow. Cheaper loans increase demand for houses, which tends to push prices up rather than down, and in any case the statement says nothing about house prices. So the options with II implicit are wrong.

Answer: D

Neither assumption I nor II is strong.

The statement says only that every IIT offers both courses. It does not say that only IITs offer them, so assumption I is not implied, and many other engineering colleges and universities offer B.Tech. and M.Tech.

Nor does it say IITs offer nothing else, so assumption II is not implied either; IITs also run doctoral and other programmes. Both assumptions turn 'every IIT offers' into 'only' statements that the original does not make.

Answer: D

Neither assumption I nor II is strong.

The statement gives one cause for the rise in mobile gaming: data is readily available on mobile phones. It does not depend on people having a craze for mobile games, so assumption I is not needed; the rise could come simply from easier access.

It also makes no comparison with personal computers, so assumption II, that games are easier to obtain on mobiles than on a PC, is not something the statement takes for granted.

Answer: A

Only assumption I is strong.

The statement recommends book-reading because books provide comprehensive and detailed information about an issue. That reasoning takes for granted that books are a good resource for complete knowledge and learning, which is assumption I.

Assumption II may be true, but the statement does not rely on it: its reason is the information books provide, not any improvement in focus or analytical thinking. So the options including II are wrong.

Answer: A

Only assumption I is implicit.

Nobody warns against doing something that cannot be done, so a notice forbidding photocopying without permission assumes that the book can be photocopied. Assumption I is implicit.

The notice is a polite request ('Please do not ...') and mentions no penalty, so it does not assume that violators will be punished. Assumption II reads more into the words than they say.