The primary purpose of software is to turn data into _____
Answer: B
Correct answer: Information
Data are raw facts; software organises, selects and presents them so that they mean something, and that is what turns data into information. Programs are the software itself rather than its product.
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____is the science that attempts to produce machines that display the same type of intelligence that humans do.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Artificial intelligence (AI)
Artificial intelligence is the field concerned with making machines reason, learn and perceive as people do. Nanoscience and nanotechnology deal with matter at atomic scale, and simulation imitates a system's behaviour without any claim to intelligence.
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Which of the following is first generation of computer ?
Answer: A
Correct answer: EDSAC
EDSAC, built at Cambridge in 1949, used vacuum tubes and belongs to the first generation. The IBM-1401 and CDC-1604 are transistor machines of the second generation, and the ICL-2900 is later still.
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Chief component of first generation computer was
Answer: B
Correct answer: Vacuum Tubes and Valves
The vacuum tube, or valve, was the switching element of the first generation. Transistors and integrated circuits define the second and third generations.
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Second Generation computers were developed during
Answer: B
Correct answer: 1956 to 1965
The transistor generation runs from about 1956 to 1965. The years to 1955 belong to the vacuum tube machines, and integrated circuits take over from about 1965.
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The computer size was very large in
Answer: A
Correct answer: First Generation
Vacuum tubes are large, run hot and need heavy power supplies and cooling, so first generation machines filled entire rooms - ENIAC weighed some thirty tons. Each later generation shrank the switching element and with it the machine.
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Microprocessors as switching devices are for which generation computers
Answer: D
Correct answer: Fourth Generation
The fourth generation is defined by the microprocessor, which put the whole central processing unit on a single chip. The first three generations used vacuum tubes, transistors and integrated circuits respectively.
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The processing speed of first generation computers was
Answer: A
Correct answer: milliseconds
First generation machines worked in milliseconds - thousandths of a second. Microseconds came with transistors, nanoseconds with integrated circuits, and picoseconds are faster than any of the five generations achieved.
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What difference does the 5th generation computer have from other generation computers?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Technological advancement
The first four generations are each marked by a change of switching technology, and the fifth is marked in the same way - by very large scale integration and parallel processing put to the service of artificial intelligence. Object-oriented programming is a software development and belongs to no generation of hardware.
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Early computers like ENIAC, EDVAC, and UNIVAC I all can be classified as _____________.
Answer: C
Correct answer: First Generation Computers
All three were built between 1945 and 1951 and all three switched with vacuum tubes, which is the defining feature of the first generation.
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