Security Goals and Threats Questions and Answers

Q: What is the most appropriate description for the term 'confidentiality' ?

Confidentiality is best described as a set of rules to limit access to data.Confidentiality, the first part of the CIA triad, means information is disclosed only to those authorised to see it, enforced through access controls, encryption and similar rules.The other options describe the rest of the triad and a related idea. Assuring the accuracy and consistency of data over its life-cycle is integrity. Reliable access to data by authorised people is availability. Verifying the identity of a user or process is authentication.

Q: Confidentiality in cybersecurity means

Confidentiality means data is accessible only to authorized users.Confidentiality is the first part of the CIA triad of information security. It means preventing unauthorised disclosure, through encryption, access control and authentication, so that only those permitted can read the information.'Data is accurate' describes integrity, protection against unauthorised change. 'Data is always available' describes availability, the third part of the triad. 'Data cannot be backed up' is not a security property at all; backups support availability.

Q: Cyber Security provide security against what ?

The answer is All mentioned options.Cyber security is the protection of computers, networks, devices and data from digital attacks. That covers defence against malware such as viruses and ransomware, against attackers including cyber-terrorists, and the protection of individual devices from threats in general.Each of the first three options names a part of that scope, so choosing any one alone would be incomplete.

Q: Who is popularly known as the father of Cyber security ?

The keyed answer is August Kerckhoffs.Auguste Kerckhoffs, the nineteenth-century Dutch-born cryptographer, wrote La Cryptographie Militaire in 1883. It sets out Kerckhoffs's principle: a cryptosystem should stay secure even if everything about it except the key is public. Because that principle underlies modern cryptography and information security, he is often given the informal title 'father of computer security', which is how the Commission's key reads.The title is a popular label, not a formal one, and writers name other pioneers, but of the four names listed only Kerckhoffs fits it. Bob Thomas is known for writing Creeper, an early self-replicating program, so he is more often linked to the history of viruses. 'Robert' and 'Charles' are first names with no surname given, so they identify no one.

Q: __________ means the security of data from tampering by unidentified users.

The term is Integrity.Integrity means data is protected from unauthorised modification, so that it stays accurate and complete. Hashes, digital signatures and access controls are used to protect or check it.Confidentiality protects data from unauthorised reading, authentication verifies who a user is, and non-repudiation stops a sender from denying a message they sent.Confidentiality, integrity and availability together form the CIA triad, the basic goals of information security.

Which of the following security services protects against repudiation?

A.Nonrepudiation
B.Access control
C.Authentication
D.Data integrity

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB TGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Nonrepudiation is the security service that protects against repudiation, that is, against a sender or receiver later denying that they sent or received a message. Access control restricts who can use a resource, authentication verifies the identity of a user or system, and data integrity makes sure data has not been altered, so none of them is aimed at denial of an action. The other services protect different things: access control the use of resources, authentication identity and integrity the content of the data.

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What is the most appropriate description for the term 'confidentiality' ?

A.A set of rules to limit access to data
B.Maintenance of and assurance of the accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle
C.A guarantee of reliable access to the data by authorized people
D.The process or action of verifying the identity of a user or process

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: A

Confidentiality is best described as a set of rules to limit access to data.

Confidentiality, the first part of the CIA triad, means information is disclosed only to those authorised to see it, enforced through access controls, encryption and similar rules.

The other options describe the rest of the triad and a related idea. Assuring the accuracy and consistency of data over its life-cycle is integrity. Reliable access to data by authorised people is availability. Verifying the identity of a user or process is authentication.

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Confidentiality in cybersecurity means

A.Data is accurate
B.Data is accessible only to authorized users
C.Data is always available
D.Data cannot be backed up

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: B

Confidentiality means data is accessible only to authorized users.

Confidentiality is the first part of the CIA triad of information security. It means preventing unauthorised disclosure, through encryption, access control and authentication, so that only those permitted can read the information.

'Data is accurate' describes integrity, protection against unauthorised change. 'Data is always available' describes availability, the third part of the triad. 'Data cannot be backed up' is not a security property at all; backups support availability.

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Cyber Security provide security against what ?

A.Against Malware
B.Against cyber-terrorists
C.Defends a device from threat.
D.All mentioned options

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: D

The answer is All mentioned options.

Cyber security is the protection of computers, networks, devices and data from digital attacks. That covers defence against malware such as viruses and ransomware, against attackers including cyber-terrorists, and the protection of individual devices from threats in general.

Each of the first three options names a part of that scope, so choosing any one alone would be incomplete.

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Who is popularly known as the father of Cyber security ?

A.Robert
B.August Kerckhoffs
C.Bob Thomas
D.Charles

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: B

The keyed answer is August Kerckhoffs.

Auguste Kerckhoffs, the nineteenth-century Dutch-born cryptographer, wrote La Cryptographie Militaire in 1883. It sets out Kerckhoffs's principle: a cryptosystem should stay secure even if everything about it except the key is public. Because that principle underlies modern cryptography and information security, he is often given the informal title 'father of computer security', which is how the Commission's key reads.

The title is a popular label, not a formal one, and writers name other pioneers, but of the four names listed only Kerckhoffs fits it. Bob Thomas is known for writing Creeper, an early self-replicating program, so he is more often linked to the history of viruses. 'Robert' and 'Charles' are first names with no surname given, so they identify no one.

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__________ means the security of data from tampering by unidentified users.

A.Confidentiality
B.Integrity
C.Authentication
D.Non-repudiation

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: B

The term is Integrity.

Integrity means data is protected from unauthorised modification, so that it stays accurate and complete. Hashes, digital signatures and access controls are used to protect or check it.

Confidentiality protects data from unauthorised reading, authentication verifies who a user is, and non-repudiation stops a sender from denying a message they sent.

Confidentiality, integrity and availability together form the CIA triad, the basic goals of information security.

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Identify the Risk factors which are associated with Electronic payment system.

A.Fraudulent use of Credit Cards.
B.Sending Credit Card details over internet.
C.Remote storage of Credit Card details.
D.All of the above

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

All the listed items are risk factors of an electronic payment system. Fraudulent use of credit cards means a stolen number is used by someone else, sending credit card details over the Internet exposes them to interception, and remote storage of the card details creates a target for a break-in at the store.

Since each statement describes a real risk, the answer is 'All of the above'. Picking any one of them would leave out the other two risks.

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