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Administrative Thought Questions and Answers

211.

Which one of the following is not a criticism by the Trade Unions about Taylorism ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

The statement that Taylorism 'increases the workload of managers' is not a criticism made by trade unions. Taylor's scientific management took planning from workers and gave it to managers, and unions complained about its effects on workers.

Unions did say it destroys trade unions, leaves no scope for collective bargaining because the 'one best way' is fixed by management, and would raise unemployment by increasing output per worker. Those three are criticisms and so are not the answer.

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212.

Consider the Amitai Etzioni's classification of control structure ?

(i) Utilitarian (ii) Normative
(iii) Passive (iv) Coercive
Select the correct answer from the given code below :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

Etzioni's classification of control structure covers coercive, utilitarian and normative power (or involvement), so (i), (ii) and (iv).

'Passive' is not a type in the classification. The three types match the three kinds of compliance: coercive power with alienative involvement, utilitarian power with calculative involvement and normative power with moral involvement. Options with (iii) add a term that does not belong.

The three types of power in Etzioni's A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organizations are coercive, remunerative (utilitarian) and normative, each linked to a type of involvement among lower participants.

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213.

Which of the following leadership style, according to Rensis Likert, expressed that leaders have total faith in people ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

In Likert's four systems the participative style (System 4) is the one in which leaders have complete confidence and trust in subordinates and make use of their ideas.

The exploitative-authoritative style has no trust at all, the benevolent-authoritative has a condescending trust, and the consultative one has substantial but not complete trust. Total faith in people belongs to the participative group.

Likert's four systems run from exploitative-authoritative through benevolent-authoritative and consultative to participative, and System 4 gets the best results in his studies of productivity.

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214.

'Forces of People' and 'Forces of Production' orientations are used in

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

The orientations of 'forces of people' and 'forces of production', that is concern for people and concern for production, are used in the Managerial Grid theory of Blake and Mouton.

Path-goal theory deals with how leaders clarify paths to goals, situational theory with adapting style to circumstances, and trait theory with personal qualities. None has the two-dimensional grid of concern for people and for production.

The grid plots concern for production on one axis and concern for people on the other, and its best known positions are 1,1 impoverished, 9,1 authority-compliance, 1,9 country club, 5,5 middle of the road and 9,9 team management.

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215.

Match List - I with List - II. Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

List - I (Thinkers)List - II (Concepts)
a. Herbert Simoni. Zone of Indifference
b. Henri Fayolii. Zone of acceptance
c. Chester Bernardiii. Span of attention
d. Graicunasiv. Scalar chain

Codes : a b c d

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

The key matches Herbert Simon with the zone of acceptance, Henri Fayol with the scalar chain, Chester Barnard with the zone of indifference, and Graicunas with the span of attention, giving the code ii, iv, i, iii.

Barnard's term for the range of orders a subordinate accepts without question is the zone of indifference, and Simon's equivalent is the zone of acceptance. Scalar chain is Fayol's term for the chain of authority from top to bottom. The other codes break at least one of these pairs.

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216.

According to Kautilya, King should have which of the following qualities ?:

(i) Adequate Education
(ii) Righteousness
(iii) Physical Capability
(iv) Good relations with people
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

Kautilya's king should have education, righteousness and good relations with people, items (i), (ii) and (iv) in the key.

He wanted the king to be trained, to follow dharma and to be accessible and loved by his subjects. The option with physical capability (iii) is not the one the key accepts, and the shorter options leave out a quality the key counts, so the combination (i), (ii), (iv) is chosen.

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217.

Which one of the following is not a part of Hawthorne studies of Elton Mayo ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

The 'first inquiry' is not listed as a part of the Hawthorne studies in the key. The studies are known through the illumination experiments, the relay assembly test room, the interview programme and the bank wiring observation room.

'Great Illumination', the bank wiring experiment and the interviewing programme are therefore part of the studies, which leaves the first option as the one that is not.

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218.

Which one of the following is not a way of resolving conflicts according to M.P. Follett ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

Legal methods are not one of the ways of resolving conflict given by Mary Parker Follett. She named domination, compromise and integration, and she preferred integration as the creative solution in which both sides' desires find a place.

Domination is one party winning, compromise is each giving up something, and integration is finding a new solution. Because legal methods are not among them, that option is the answer to a 'not' question.

Follett illustrated integration with the example of two people in a library, one wanting the window open and the other closed, and the solution of opening a window in the next room which satisfied both.

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219.

Assertion (A) : Bureaucratic administration fundamentally means a rigid administration.

Reason (R) : Bureaucracy exercises control on the basis of knowledge.
Codes :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

Both statements are true but (R) does not explain (A). Bureaucracy is often called rigid because of its rules and procedures, and Weber's bureaucracy does exercise control on the basis of knowledge or expertise.

However, control through knowledge is not what causes rigidity; rigidity comes from adherence to rules and hierarchy. So (R) is true but not the explanation of (A).

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