Computer Fundamentals Questions and Answers

Answer: B

Correct answer: 8 bits

Word length is the number of bits the processor handles as one unit. The early home computers were built on 8-bit processors such as the 8080, the 6502 and the Z80, so their word length was 8 bits - one byte - which also limited them to 256 distinct values in a single register.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Internet Protocol

IP is the Internet Protocol, the network-layer protocol that gives every host an address and routes packets from one network to another. It promises only best-effort delivery; TCP, running above it, adds the acknowledgements and retransmissions that make a connection reliable.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Visual Display Unit

VDU stands for Visual Display Unit - the screen on which the computer’s output is shown, historically a cathode-ray tube and now a flat panel. It is an output device: it displays results but captures nothing.

Answer: B

Correct answer: 1024

Each step in the traditional binary hierarchy multiplies by 1024, since \(2^{10} = 1024\). So 1024 bytes make a kilobyte, 1024 kilobytes a megabyte and 1024 megabytes a gigabyte.

Answer: B

Correct answer: DASD

A direct access storage device is abbreviated DASD, an IBM term for disk storage - a medium on which any record can be reached directly by its address, without reading everything recorded before it, as tape would require.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Local Area Transport

LAT is Local Area Transport, a Digital Equipment Corporation protocol that connected terminals to hosts over an Ethernet local network. It ran directly over Ethernet rather than over IP, which kept it fast but confined it to a single LAN.

Answer: A

Correct answer: 1 MB

One megabyte is about a million bytes - \( 10^6 \) bytes in decimal reckoning, or \( 2^{20} = 1{,}048{,}576 \) bytes when counted in the binary units the memory system uses. A kilobyte is a thousand times smaller and a gigabyte a thousand times larger.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Operating System

Linux is an operating system kernel, released by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and distributed with the GNU utilities as Red Hat, Ubuntu, Debian and others. It manages the processor, memory, files and devices, which is exactly what an operating system does.

Answer: C

Correct answer: PARAM 8000

India’s first supercomputer was PARAM 8000, built by C-DAC in Pune and unveiled in 1991 after export restrictions blocked the purchase of a machine abroad. It was a parallel design built from Inmos transputers. ENIAC was an American machine of 1945, and Saga 220 came two decades later.

Answer: D

Correct answer: HTML

Every web page is delivered as HTML, whose tags mark up the headings, paragraphs, links, images and forms that the browser renders. Other languages add behaviour or generate the page on the server, but the page the browser finally receives is HTML.