One byte is equivalent to?
Answer: C
Correct answer: 8 bits
A byte is 8 bits, which is why one byte holds \( 2^8 = 256 \) distinct values - enough for one character of extended ASCII. Four bits make a nibble, and 32 bits make a four-byte word.
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Who is known as ‘Father of computers’?
Answer: B
Correct answer: Charles Babbage
Charles Babbage is called the father of computers for the Analytical Engine he designed from 1837 - a general-purpose machine with a mill for calculation, a store for numbers, and punched cards carrying both program and data. Aiken, Atanasoff and Bush built later machines that owed much to those ideas.
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In which addressing mode the effective address of the operand is the contents of a register specified in the instruction and after accessing the operand, the contents of this register is incremented to point to the next item in the list?
Answer: C
Correct answer: auto increment
In auto-increment addressing the register named in the instruction supplies the effective address, and once the operand has been fetched the register is stepped on to point to the next item. It is what makes walking through an array or a stack a single instruction.
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Any device that performs signal conversion is
Answer: A
Correct answer: Modulator
A modulator impresses information on a carrier by varying its amplitude, frequency or phase - converting a signal from one form to another, which is what signal conversion means. A modem contains a modulator and a demodulator together, while a keyboard and a plotter convert between human action and data rather than between signal forms.
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The 2's complement of a binary no. is obtained by adding.....to its 1's complement
Answer: A
Correct answer: 1
The 2’s complement is formed by inverting every bit and then adding 1. For \( 0101 \) the 1’s complement is \( 1010 \), and \[ 1010 + 1 = 1011 \] which represents \( -5 \) in four-bit 2’s complement. The extra 1 is what gives a single representation of zero and lets subtraction be done by addition.
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What is the meaning of FTP ?
Answer: C
Correct answer: File Transfer Protocol
FTP is the File Transfer Protocol, used to copy files between a client and a server. It is unusual in using two connections - one for the commands, one for the data itself - and it sends credentials in clear text, which is why SFTP and FTPS have largely replaced it.
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The 2's complement of a binary no. is obtained by adding.....to its 1's complement.
Answer: A
Correct answer: 1
The 2’s complement is formed by inverting every bit and then adding 1. For \( 0101 \) the 1’s complement is \( 1010 \), and \[ 1010 + 1 = 1011 \] which represents \( -5 \) in four-bit 2’s complement. The extra 1 is what gives a single representation of zero and lets subtraction be done by addition.
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Codes consisting of light and dark marks which may be optically read is known as
Answer: B
Correct answer: Bar code
A bar code encodes data in the widths of alternating dark bars and light spaces, which a scanner reads as a pattern of reflected and absorbed light and decodes into digits. It is what allows a product to be identified at a checkout in a single sweep.
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A general purpose single-user microcomputer designed to be operated by one person at a time is
Answer: D
Correct answer: PC
A general-purpose microcomputer intended for one person at a time is a personal computer. All three characteristics in the question apply to it: a microprocessor at its heart, general rather than dedicated in purpose, and a single user at the keyboard.
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What is equipment used to capture information and commands ?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Input device
An input device is what captures information and commands and passes them into the machine - a keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone or touch screen. Output devices present results, storage devices retain them, and communication devices carry them between machines.
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