BPSC Exam 2025: Integrated 70th Combined Main (Written) Competitive Examination, Optional, Sociology
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Serial No.
Booklet Series
02/GO/CC/M-2025 – 26
I
Candidate’s Roll Number
Question Booklet
I
SOCIOLOGY
Time Allowed : 2 Hours Maximum Marks : 100
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1. Who regards social structure as the 4. Consider the following statements.
complex of the principal groups and a. D. N. Majumdar studied Mohana
institutions which constitute societies ? village.
b. Andre Beteille studied Sripuram
(A) Radcliffe – Brown village.
(B) Herbert Spencer c. F. G. Bailey provided an account of
Samirpeth village.
(C) M. Ginsberg d. S. C. Dube studied two villages in
Orissa.
(D) E. Durkheim Choose the correct answer :
(A) a and b only
2. Which of the following ideas advocates
(B) a only
for the welfare of all and not the welfare
of only one class or section of society ? (C) b only
(D) a, c and d only
(A) Privatization
5.
(B) Sarvodaya the idea of cultural lag and to formulate a
(C) Antyodaya (A) Ogburn
(B) Sumner
(D) Globalisation
(C) Muller
(D) Spencer
3. Which of the following scholars prefers the
term Westernization to modernization ? 6. Which state has characterized certain
sub-castes within SCs as ‘Mahadalits’ for
(A) D. L. Seth their economic and social development ?
(B) M. N. Srinivas (A) Tripura
(B) Uttar Pradesh
(C) Yogendra Singh
(C) Maharashtra
(D) Manoranjan Mohanty (D) Bihar
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7. A list of points or topics which an 11. Which of the following is a scheme
interviewer must cover during the
interview is called as
Rescue, Rehabilitation and
(A) Interview guide
(B) Interview-schedule and Commercial Sexual Exploitation ?
(C) Questionnaire
(A) SWADHAR Greh
(D) Case study
(B) Mission Shakti
8. Who wanted to educate only those (C) UJJAWALA
children whose parents could pay the
fees ? (D) Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme
(A) Raymond Breton
12. Which of the following committees
(B) Karl Marx recommended the establishment of
(C) Herbert Spencer Panchayati Raj ?
(D) J. S. Coleman (A) Kothari Committee
(B) Kaka Kalekar Committee
9. Which of the following scholars has (C) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee
examined the interconnection between
(D) Radhakrishnan Committee
caste, class and land in the context of
agricultural production and technological
inputs in Bihar ? 13.
three main levels of development
(A) K. L. Sharma
primitive, intermediate and modern ?
(B) Shaibal Gupta
(A) P. A. Sorokin
(C) Yogendra Singh
(B) Talcott Parsons
(D) Dipankar Gupta
(C) Auguste Comte
10. Who considered backward classes (D) Hegel
(castes) of the northern, western and
upper southern states as ‘Bullock
capitalists’ ? 14. What is the characteristic trait of
Spencer’s militant societies ?
(A) T. K. Oommen
(A) External regulation
(B) Gail Omvedt
(B) Complexity
(C) Lloyd Rudolph and Suzanne
Rudolph (C) Freedom
(D) P. C. Joshi (D) Compulsion
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15. Who is the author of the book, ‘The 19. Which theory assumes that people try to
Treatise on General Sociology’ ? determine what behavior will maximize
their reward and then act accordingly ?
(A) E. S. Finer
(A) Contagion theory
(B) George C. Homans
(B) Game theory
(C) Talcott Parsons
(C) Emergent Norm theory
(D) Vilfredo Pareto
(D) None of the above
16. Who said “Science begins with
observation and must ultimately return to 20. Who argues that the search for a
(A) C. A. Moser is bound to end in failure since the
(B) P. V. Young
qualities is a cultural and not a natural
(C) Lundberg
process’ ?
(D) Goode and Hatt
(A) Talcott Parsons
17. Who made strict separation between the (B) Yogendra Singh
profane and the sacred ?
(C) Karl Marx
(A) Durkheim
(D) Andre Béteille
(B) M. N. Srinivas
(C) Max Weber
21. The little tradition of Islamisation in
(D) Tylor
India has one distinctive historical
characteristic – it consists mainly of
18. A relatively large, dense and permanent
settlement of socially heterogenous (A) The converts from Christianity
individuals according to Louis Wirth is
known as (B) The converts from Hinduism
(A) Village
(C) The original believers of Islam
(B) Urbanism
(C) City (D) The commercial middle class in the
(D) Town 18th century
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22. Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project (BRLP) 25. Who discussed in a fascinating essay
with the objective of social and economic on the European intelligentia about the
empowerment of the rural poor is secularization of learning and its social
known as consequences ?
(A) E. Durkheim
(A) Pahal
(B) Jack D. Douglas
(B) JEEViKA
(C) Karl Mannheim
(C) Saksham
(D) G. S. Sharma
(D) Nissan
26. Consider the following statements.
23. Consider the following statements. a. Under the Zamindari system, new
intermediary proprietors were
a. The Right to Education Act was
recognized and the actual tillers of
enacted in 2009.
the soil were vested with a heritable
b. RTE Act mandates free and and transferable right of property in
compulsory education for children in their lands.
8 to 16 years age group.
b. Under the Raiyatwari system the rights
Choose the correct answer : of property in land were conferred
upon the native tax-gatherers.
(A) Both a and b
Choose the correct answer :
(B) a only
(A) Both a and b
(C) b only
(B) a only
(D) Neither a nor b
(C) b only
(D) Neither a nor b
24.
of which of the following ? 27. Who is the author of the book
‘Deschooling Society (1971)’ ?
(A) Economic capital
(A) Bowles and Gintis
(B) Social capital
(B) Karl Marx
(C) Cultural capital (C) Louis Althusser
(D) None of the above (D) Ivan Illich
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28. Who described three different types of 32. How much percentage has Bihar
authority with three different bases of allocated of its expenditure on education
in 2024-25 ?
legitimation ?
(A) J. Boren (A) 24%
(B) P. Blau (B) 21.4%
(C) A. Etzioni (C) 22.5%
(D) Max Weber (D) 25%
29. According to Pareto how many classes 33. What percentage of Bihar’s population,
of residues are there ? approximately, is engaged in higher
(A) 8 education as of recent reports ?
(B) 6 (A) 30-35%
(C) 4
(B) 5-10%
(D) 3
(C) 11-20%
30. What is a continuous urban spread (D) 50-55%
constituting a town and its adjoining
urban outgrowths (OGs) known as ?
(A) Urbanism
34. Who studied a community that he called
(B) Urban Agglomeration
‘Yankee city’ ?
(C) Urbanization
(D) None of the above (A) W. E. Moore
31. Which of the following reasons is (B) M. M. Tumin
primarily responsible for the demand
of new states like Gorkhaland and (C) W. L. Warner
Bodoland ? (D) Louis Wirth
a. Economic backwardness
b. Protecting cultural identities
35. Whose theory of social change is called
c. Educational development
d. National integration
Choose the correct answer : (A) Daniel Bell
(A) a and b only
(B) Max Weber
(B) a only
(C) b only (C) Coser
(D) a, c and d only (D) Karl Marx
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36. In urban areas, how does the caste 39. Which statement(s) is/are correct ?
system typically differ from its rural
counterpart ?
found everywhere.
(A) It completely disappears in urban
settings degree.
(A) 2
(B) It remains rigid and unchanging
(B) 1
(C) 3
often intersects with class-based (D) All of the above
40. Which of the following is true regarding
Harris observation about caste in the
competition among groups study of village in Tamil Nadu ?
(A) Caste is an open system of
37. Who claimed that the state is the
organization that has a monopoly on (B) Caste is both an actual structure of
the legitimate use of violence in a given social relationships and an ideology
territory ? (C) Caste hardly effects social
(A) R. D. Laing relationship
(D) None of the above
(B) Talcott Parsons
(C) Max Weber 41. Who among the following emphasised
the emotional aspects of religion ?
(D) Robert Nisbet
(A) Paul Radin
(B) Calvin
38. Which of the following sociologists in
(C) Max Weber
‘India’s Villages’ highlights that in the
context of development planning, it was (D) Milton Singer
necessary to provide a portrait to the
42. Who among the following distinguished
layman of the social life lived by village four major functions of family’s
people ? reproduction, maintenance (of immature
children), placement and socialization ?
(A) G. S. Ghurye
(A) I. P. Desai
(B) M. N. Srinivas
(B) Kingsley Davis
(C) F. G. Bailey (C) K. M. Kapadia
(D) A. R. Desai (D) R. H. Lowie
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43. Which of the following Constitutional 46.
Amendments added the term ‘secular’ to distinction between Gemeinschaft
the Preamble of our Constitution ? (Community) and Gesellschaft (Society
or association) ?
(A) 52nd Amendment
(A) C. H. Cooley
(B) 32nd Amendment
(B) F. Tonnies
(C) 42nd Amendment
(C) Kingsley Davis
(D) 62nd Amendment
(D) G. C. Homans
44. Consider the following statements. 47. Arrange in chronological order the
regional aspiration for formation of new
a. Caste has not disappeared but
state.
rather has reconstituted itself.
b. Caste operate as a system of social a. Nagaland
hierarchy in some backward areas b. Andhra Pradesh
but as a means of identity it persists
throughout India. c. Arunachal Pradesh
Choose the correct answer : d. Meghalaya
(A) Both a and b
Choose the correct order :
(B) a only
(A) b, a, d, c
(C) b only
(B) a, d, c, b
(D) Neither a nor b
(C) b, a, c, d
(D) a, b, c, d
45. The key agency for promoting population
education in India is 48. Which book discussed the principle of
(A) All India Institute of Medical Sciences
(AIIMS)
(A) Human Society
(B) National Council of Educational
(B) The American Soldier
Research and Training (NCERT)
(C) Reserve Bank of India (RBI) (C) The New Society
(D) Indian Space Research Organisation
(lSRO) Research
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49. Who among the following studied the 53.
family in the West, Arabic Islam, family planning program in India ?
Sub-Saharan Africa, India, China and
Japan ? (A) Third Five-Year Plan
(A) Mason (B) First Five-Year Plan
(B) K. M. Kapadia (C) Second Five-Year Plan
(C) W. J. Goode (D) Fourth Five-Year Plan
(D) Blood and Wolfe
54. Yogendra Singh in his book
‘Modernization of Indian Tradition’
50. Who among the following is not considers Islamization resulting out of
associated with the functionalist view of which of the following ?
education ?
(A) Heterogenetic changes
(A) Talcott Parsons (B) Orthogenetic changes
(B) E. Durkheim (C) Both (A) and (B)
(C) Louis Althusser (D) Neither (A) nor (B)
(D) Kingsley Davis and W. E. Moore
55. Consider the following statements.
a. The Varna system provides the
51. Who maintain that , ‘power is visible only system of values.
through its consequences; they are the
b. The Jati provides the functional
power’ ? organization and practice of Varna
system.
(A) Robert A. Dahl
Choose the correct answer :
(B) Westergaard and Resler
(A) Both a and b
(C) Max Weber
(B) a only
(D) Karl Marx
(C) b only
(D) Neither a nor b
52. What are the functions of education ?
56. Who among the following talked about
job training, teaching values
(B) The transmission of civilization (A) P. A. Sorokin
(C) Establishing social relationship and (B) Max Weber
baby-sitting (C) Karl Marx
(D) All of the above (D) H. M. Johnson
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57. Consider the following statements. 60. Who argued that there is a casual link
between industrialization and the neo
a. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and local residence of nuclear families ?
Zoroastrianism were born in India. (A) Neil Smelser
(B) Talcott Parsons
b. Christianity, Islam, Judaism and
(C) William J. Goode
Sikhism arrived in India from abroad
(D) All of the above
at different points of time.
Choose the correct answer : 61. Who in his book, ‘Religion, Society and
the Individual’ wrote that religion is a
(A) Both a and b social phenomenon, because it is “woven
(B) a only (A) Max Weber
(B) Yinger
(C) b only
(C) Emile Durkheim
(D) Neither a nor b (D) E. B. Tylor
62. Consider the following statements.
58. The new social science that Comte a. The Constitution of India does not
b. The Constitution of India provides
(A) Physical sociology provision for the protection of
minorities.
(B) Social biology Choose the correct answer :
(A) Both a and b
(C) Social physics
(B) a only
(D) Social zoology (C) b only
(D) Neither a nor b
63. In analyzing components of social
59. Which of the following scholars has
interaction, who distinguishes
coined the idea of ‘politicization of caste’ ? between unorganized, organized and
disorganized form ?
(A) D. L. Seth
(A) Talcott Parsons
(B) Rajni Kothari
(B) R. K. Merton
(C) Yogendra Singh (C) P. A. Sorokin
(D) Manoranjan Mohanty (D) Kingsley Davis
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64. Who was of the view that modern society 68. Who is credited for beginning the study
is organizational society ? of rural society in India ?
(A) Robert Presthus (A) Warren Wilson
(B) Sir Henry S. Maine
(B) Karl Marx
(C) C. J. Galpin
(C) E. Durkheim
(D) A. R. Desai
(D) James S. Coleman
69. Who authored the book ‘Hindu Society at
65. Amartya Sen’s concept of poverty Crossroads’ ?
includes which of the following ? (A) F. G. Bailey
a. Lack of capability to live minimally
decent life (B) M. N. Srinivas
b. It is multidimensional
(C) K. M. Panikkar
c. It is monocausal
d. It is a form of social exclusion (D) J. H. Hutton
Choose the correct answer :
(A) a, c and d only 70. Consider the following statements.
(B) a only
a. Every normal adult belongs to at
(C) a and b only
(D) a, b and d only least two nuclear families – our
family of orientation and a family of
procreation.
66. According to Malthusian theory, b. Family of orientation is which one
population grows at a _______ rate,
establishes by his marriage.
while food supply grows at a _______
rate. Choose the correct answer :
(A) Exponential; constant (A) Both a and b
(B) Geometric; arithmetic (B) a only
(C) Arithmetic; geometric (C) b only
(D) Logarithmic; exponential (D) Neither a nor b
71. Who distinguished the following class
67. Who said, ‘a political party is any groupings in capitalist society ?
organization which nominates candidates 1. The propertied upper class
for election to a legislature’ ? 2. The propertyless white-collar workers
3. The petty bourgeoisie
(A) Lipset
4. The manual working class
(B) A. M. Rose (A) Max Weber
(C) F. W. Riggs (B) Karl Marx
(C) M. M. Tumin
(D) H. M. Johnson (D) T. B. Bottomore
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72. According to whom, there is no sharp 76. As per the recommendations which of
difference between thinking about moral the following Finance Commission, the
problems and thinking about other central government has been providing
problems ? He held that being moral is grants to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) of
being rational. Bihar ?
(A) 17th
(A) H. Blumer
(B) 15th
(B) C. H. Cooley (C) 16th
(C) G. H. Mead (D) 18th
77. According to Thomas Malthus in “An
73. Which of the following concepts suggests Essay on the Principle of Population
that despite economic changes, the poor
remains so because of their culture or check by
subculture ?
(A) Government-imposed policies
(A) Economic structure of poverty
(B) Unlimited natural resources
(B) Poverty of culture
(C) Positive checks and preventive
(C) Culture of poverty checks
(D) Globalization of poverty (D) Technological advancements in
agriculture
74. Who said that, “... The relative character
78. Who mentioned three kinds of power :
Coercive power, utilitarian power and
(A) Herbert Spencer identitive power ?
(B) Karl Marx (A) Kingsley Davis
(C) Auguste Comte (B) Lundberg and others
(D) Max Weber (C) Max Weber
(D) MacIver
75. In the vast inquiry made about preliterate
people who concluded clearly that
79. Which status is assigned on the basis of
among them ‘private property in personal
performance ?
matters, weapons, dress, ornaments,
appears to exist everywhere’ ? (A) Ascribed
(A) W. F. Whyte and Karl Marx
(B) Achieved
(B) Hobhouse, Wheeler and Ginsberg
(C) Marx and Max Weber (C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) A. Radcliffe-Brown (D) None of the above
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80. Arrange the following religious groups 83. Consider the following statements
from smallest to largest group in India. regarding ‘Okka’.
a. Buddhists a. It is found amongst the Coorgs of
b. Jains South India.
c. Christians b. Membership of an Okka is acquired by
d. Sikhs birth.
Choose the correct order : Choose the correct answer :
(A) Both a and b
(A) b, a, d, c
(B) a only
(B) a, d, c, b
(C) b only
(C) b, a, c, d
(D) Neither a nor b
(D) a, b, c, d
84. Who is the author of the book, ‘What is
Science ?’ ?
81. Who pointed out that, one gains a certain (A) Campbell, Norman
amount of prestige by showing off one’s (B) P. V. Young
wealth and to do that one must display it (C) M. R. Cohen
in the form of property ?
(D) Goode and Hatt
(A) M. N. Srinivas 85. Who coined the term symbolic
interactionism ?
(B) Thorestein Veblen
(A) H. Blumer
(C) Max Weber (B) C. H. Cooley
(D) Auguste Comte (C) G. H. Mead
(D) R. Brown
82. Which one is an example of normative
86. The need for a population policy in India
organization ?
is primarily due to
(A) Prisons (A) The increasing death rates
(B) The declining birth rates
(B) Hospitals
(C) Population explosion and its impact
(C) Factories on resources
(D) Immigration from neighboring
(D) None of the above countries
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87. Who among the following argue that 91. Which of the following constitutes the
‘the major role of education in capitalist characteristics of traditional joint family in
society is the reproduction of labour India according to Iravati Karve ?
power’ ? a. Common residence
(A) Bowles and Gintis b. Common puja celebration
(B) Talcott Parsons c. Common kitchen
(C) Arthur Jensen
d. Common property
(D) Philip Vernon
Choose the correct answer :
88. Which of the following tribal movements (A) a, c and d only
is an example of reform movement ?
(B) a only
(A) Naga movement
(C) a and b only
(B) Bhagat movement among the
Oraon (D) a, b, c, d
(C) Santhal movement
92. Who argued that the bureaucratization
(D) Jharkhand movement
of the modern world has led to its
depersonalization ?
89. Sometimes a leader gains power on the
basis of his or her personality. What type (A) Max Weber
of authority it is ?
(A) Charismatic authority (B) Gumplowiez
(B) Traditional authority (C) Dahrendorf
(C) Rational-legal authority
(D) Morgan
(D) None of the above
90. Which of the following is/are the cause(s) 93. Who said, “ Technology changes society
for the emergence of a social movement ? by changing our environments to which
a. To meet a ‘new felt need’ we in turn adapt. This change is usually
in the material environment and the
c. When the participants of a culture feel adjustment we make with changes
that the system is unsatisfactory
d. Due to certain mal-integration in
society (A) P. A. Sorokin
Choose the correct answer :
(A) a, c and d only (B) MacIver and Page
(B) a only
(C) Ogburn and Nimkoff
(C) a and b only
(D) a, b, c and d (D) Kingsley Davis
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94. The autonomous dalit political movement 97.
can be traced back to 1937 with the of friendship and social groupings of
establishment of which of the following ? workers for the organization ?
(A) Republican Party of India (A) Human Relations Theory
(B) Independent Labour Party
(C) Scheduled Caste Federation (C) Structural Theory
(D) Bahujan Samaj Party (D) All of the above
95. Consider the following statements.
98. Which of the following is not a feature of
a. Iravati Karve proposed four kinship caste as a unit ?
zones – northern, southern, central
(A) Endogamy
and eastern.
(B) Caste council
b. The basis of these four kinship zones
(C) Achieved status
were religious belief system.
(D) Fixed occupation
Choose the correct answer :
(A) Both a and b 99. In his book (1911) who described what
(B) a only
(A) Robert Michels
(C) b only
(B) V. Pareto
(D) Neither a nor b (C) Durkheim
(D) Max Weber
96. According to Surajit Sinha, Birsa
movement among the Munda is an 100. According to Kapadia, which of the
example of following is not the main aim of Hindu
marriage ?
(A) Ethnic rebellion
(A) Moksha
(B) Reform movement
(B) Dharma
(C) Political autonomy movement (C) Praja
(D) None of the above (D) Rati
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