Assertion and Reason Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

India’s yield per animal is low by world standards, so A is true in that sense. But poverty is not the cause: the low yield comes from indigenous low-yielding breeds, poor feed and fodder, and inadequate veterinary care. R is false as an explanation.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Both A and R are false

Sprouting does the opposite of what the assertion claims: germination increases the vitamin C and B-group content, and makes the protein and starch easier to digest. Both the advice and the reason given for it are wrong, so both A and R are false.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Iodine is washed out of hill soils by rain and carried down to the plains, so mountain diets are short of it. Without iodine the thyroid cannot make its hormones and enlarges - which is goitre. The dietary lack is exactly the cause. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Roughage - the indigestible fibre of vegetables and whole grains - absorbs water and adds bulk, which stimulates the intestinal muscles and keeps the contents moving. That added bulk is precisely how it prevents constipation. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Both A and R are false.

Both statements are the wrong way round: Bangladesh is a great producer of raw jute and exports it, while India holds most of the jute mills, concentrated along the Hooghly. Both A and R are false.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Watt’s engine was built for the task of draining flooded mines, and his separate condenser reduced its fuel consumption so far that the engine became commercially practical. The mining problem is precisely what drove its development. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Carbon dioxide traps outgoing infrared radiation, so more of it raises the global temperature - and warmer air and oceans are what melt the polar ice. The temperature rise is the mechanism connecting the two. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Tamil Nadu receives most of its rain between October and December, when the retreating monsoon winds blow from the north-east across the Bay of Bengal and pick up moisture before striking the Coromandel coast. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Both statements are true, but they explain different properties. Graphite is slippery because its carbon atoms lie in flat sheets held together only by weak forces, so the layers slide over one another. The free electrons account for its electrical conductivity, not its lubricating action. R does not explain A.

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

The Indian judiciary is independent of the executive, protected in tenure, salary and removal by the Constitution - so A is true. R describes the opposite of independence. R is false.