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Which quantity determines the dry adiabatic lapse rate?

  • A.The rate at which the pressure decreases with height, which is itself governed by the hydrostatic relation
  • B.Gravity divided by the specific heat at constant pressure
  • C.The environmental temperature profile, which the parcel must adjust to as it ascends through each layer
  • D.The humidity

Answer: B

Setting the heat exchange to zero in the first law and substituting hydrostatic balance gives the rate as \( g/c_p \) with no other dependence. Humidity alters the specific heat very slightly, giving 9.7 rather than 9.8 for very moist air, but the effect is negligible. The environment plays no part at all, since the parcel cools by its own expansion regardless of what surrounds it. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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