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Which comparison indicates absolute instability?

  • A.The environmental rate is less than the saturated rate
  • B.The environmental rate is exactly equal to the saturated adiabatic rate at every level within the layer
  • C.The environmental rate exceeds the dry adiabatic rate
  • D.The environmental rate lies between the saturated and dry adiabatic rates for the temperature concerned

Answer: C

A superadiabatic layer makes any displaced parcel warmer than its surroundings regardless of humidity, so convection begins immediately and removes the condition. Such layers persist only in the lowest few metres over strongly heated ground. Their rarity is itself evidence of how efficiently convection adjusts the profile.

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