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Which trigger commonly initiates convection in a conditionally unstable atmosphere?

  • A.Surface heating lifting a parcel to its condensation level
  • B.Radiative cooling of the cloud tops, which destabilises the layer immediately beneath the cloud base below
  • C.Subsidence
  • D.The advection of drier air into the layer, which lowers the lifting condensation level of the surface parcel

Answer: A

Daytime heating warms the boundary layer until a surface parcel can reach saturation and then its level of free convection, which is why convective showers so often begin in the afternoon. Orographic lifting, frontal ascent and convergence lines serve the same purpose. Subsidence strengthens the cap rather than removing it and is therefore the opposite of a trigger. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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