Discussion
Dwight Waldo in his book ''The Administrative State' attacked :
(1) Notion of unchanging principles of administration
(2) Human emotions in organization
(3) Narrowness of values of economy and efficiency
(4) Inconsistent methodology used to determine principles
Codes :
Answer: C
Waldo attacked (1), (3) and (4).
In The Administrative State (1948), Dwight Waldo argued that the orthodox public administration of the 1930s was itself a political theory in disguise. He criticised its belief in fixed, universal principles of administration, its narrow elevation of economy and efficiency as the supreme values, and the unscientific, inconsistent way the 'principles' had been derived.
He did not attack human emotions in organisations; if anything, the classical writers he criticised were the ones who neglected the human side. So codes including (2) are wrong, and the code with only (1) and (4) leaves out his central attack on efficiency as a value.
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