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Why can a full game tree not be searched in chess?

  • A.The number of positions vastly exceeds any feasible computation
  • B.The rules of chess permit games of unbounded length
  • C.Evaluation of a terminal position is too slow to compute
  • D.The branching factor changes unpredictably during the game

Answer: A

With about thirty five moves available and games lasting eighty plies, the tree contains something like ten to the hundred and twenty nodes, beyond any conceivable computation. Search must therefore stop early and estimate. Game length is bounded by the repetition rules, terminal evaluation is trivial, and branching factor variation is minor. A number so large that no improvement in hardware could matter is what forces the whole apparatus of cutoffs and evaluation functions into existence.

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