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What is null move pruning?

  • A.Skipping the first move of the search to save time
  • B.Pruning branches in which no capture is available
  • C.Assuming a player can pass and pruning if they still stand well
  • D.Discarding moves that leave the position unchanged

Answer: C

If a player would still be winning after giving the opponent a free move, the position is probably good enough to prune, which saves a great deal at the cost of occasional error. It fails in zugzwang positions where being obliged to move is itself a disadvantage. It is a forward pruning technique and therefore not provably safe. Recognising the exact circumstance in which a heuristic's assumption fails, and disabling it there, is what makes such techniques usable in practice.

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