Discussion
Consider the following pairs of lateral derivative and its usual sign.
Side force with sideslip - Negative
Rolling moment with roll rate - Negative
Yawing moment with yaw rate - Negative
Yawing moment with sideslip - Negative
How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Answer: A
Three are negative; the yawing moment with sideslip must be positive for directional stability, so that sideslip from the right yields a nose-right moment and the aeroplane turns into the relative wind. The side force, roll damping and yaw damping derivatives are all restoring or dissipative and therefore negative. This single positive sign among the lateral set is the one most often written down wrongly, and getting it wrong inverts the whole directional argument.
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