Discussion
A strain gauge measures strain through
Answer: D
Correct answer: The change in its electrical resistance as it is stretched
A strain gauge is a fine conductor bonded to the surface. Stretching it makes it longer and thinner, and both changes raise its resistance, since \( R = \rho L/A \).
The change is very small - a few parts in a thousand for useful strain - which is why the gauge is read in a bridge rather than with an ohmmeter. It is a passive device requiring excitation; a piezoelectric element, by contrast, generates charge under stress and needs none.
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