Discussion
In a mixture of 90 L the ratio of acid and water is 2 : 1. If the ratio of acid and water is to be 1 : 2, then the amount of water (in litres) to be added to the mixture is?
Answer: C
\[ \text{acid} = \frac{2}{3} \times 90 = 60 \text{ L}, \qquad \text{water} = 30 \text{ L} \]
Adding water leaves the acid unchanged, so for acid : water \( = 1 : 2 \) the water must reach
\[ 2 \times 60 = 120 \text{ L} \]
\[ \text{water to add} = 120 - 30 = 90 \text{ L} \]
Anchoring on the quantity that does not change - the acid - is what makes this a one-line calculation.
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