Discussion
300 gm of sugar solution has 40% sugar in it. How much sugar should be added to make it 50% in the solution?
Answer: C
The sugar to be added is 60 gm.
The solution has \(0.4 \times 300 = 120\) gm of sugar and 180 gm of water. Adding sugar leaves the water unchanged, so at 50% the water must be half the new total:
\[ \begin{aligned} 180 &= 0.5\,(300 + x) \\ 300 + x &= 360 \Rightarrow x = 60 \end{aligned} \]
Check: 180 gm sugar in 360 gm of solution is exactly 50%. 50 gm would give 170/350, about 48.6%, and 40 gm gives 160/340, about 47%.
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