Discussion
In a 729 litre of milk and water, the ratio of milk to water is 7:2. To get a new mixture containing milk and water in the ratio of 7:3, what amount of water to is be added:
Answer: A
81 litres of water must be added.
In 729 litres in the ratio 7:2, milk is \(\frac{7}{9} \times 729 = 567\) litres and water is 162 litres. Only water is added, so the milk stays at 567 litres. For the new ratio 7:3:
\[ \begin{aligned} \text{water needed} &= 567 \times \tfrac{3}{7} = 243 \\ \text{water added} &= 243 - 162 = 81 \end{aligned} \]
Check: \(567 : 243 = 7 : 3\). The other options leave the ratio short of or beyond 7:3.
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