Discussion
Which of the following can be used as a substitute for analog to digital conversion ?
Answer: C
The substitute is a voltage to frequency convertor.
A voltage to frequency converter turns an analog voltage into a pulse train whose frequency is proportional to the voltage. Counting those pulses over a fixed time gives a digital number proportional to the input, so a V/F converter with a counter performs analog to digital conversion. It is used in this way in digital voltmeters and in isolated or remote measurement.
A frequency to voltage converter works the other way. An astable multivibrator only generates a fixed square wave, and a voltage regulator holds a voltage steady; neither converts an analog value into a digital one.
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