Discussion
Which type of interaction that involves an individual sacrificing some of its own reproductive success for the benefit of the other ?
Answer: D
The interaction is Altruism.
Altruistic behaviour benefits another individual at a cost to the actor's own survival or reproduction. Worker bees that never reproduce but rear their sisters, and ground squirrels that give alarm calls and draw predators to themselves, are the standard examples. Hamilton's kin selection explains it: the behaviour spreads when the benefit to relatives, weighted by relatedness, exceeds the cost.
In co-operation and mutualism both partners gain, so no one sacrifices reproductive success. In commensalism one partner gains and the other is unaffected, which again involves no sacrifice.
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