Discussion
Which one of the following animals develops adaptive predator avoidance morphology because of the presence of high predator number in its habitat?
Answer: A
The animal is Daphnia sp.
Water fleas of the genus Daphnia are the classic example of predator-induced defence. When chemical cues (kairomones) from predators such as phantom midge larvae (Chaoborus) or fish are abundant, they develop helmets, neck teeth and longer tail spines that make them harder to capture. The morphology is plastic: it appears only when predators are present.
Scaphiopus, the spadefoot toad, is known for tadpoles that develop a carnivorous morph and speed development in drying ponds, a response to diet and pond duration rather than predators. Wolbachia is an intracellular bacterium, not an animal, that manipulates host reproduction. Rhodnius, a blood-sucking bug, is the classic model for insect moulting hormones.
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