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What does the pattern multiplication principle require of the elements?

  • A.They must all be fed with the same amplitude
  • B.They must be resonant at the operating frequency
  • C.They must be identical and identically oriented
  • D.They must be spaced exactly half a wavelength apart

Answer: C

Pattern multiplication holds when every element has the same pattern and the same orientation, so that a single element factor can be taken outside the sum. Spacing, amplitude and phase are free variables that appear in the array factor. Resonance is a matching matter rather than a condition of the theorem. Where elements differ, as when edge elements see a different environment from central ones, the principle becomes approximate and the active element pattern is used instead.

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