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Why does a uniformly excited array have a side lobe level of about minus 13 decibels?

  • A.Mutual coupling limits the achievable suppression
  • B.The elements are not perfectly matched to the feed
  • C.The spacing is exactly half a wavelength
  • D.The abrupt truncation of the aperture sets it independently of size

Answer: D

The pattern of a uniform aperture is a sinc like function whose first side lobe is 13.2 decibels below the main lobe regardless of how long the aperture is, because the ratio is set by the sharp edge rather than by the size. Only by tapering the illumination can it be reduced. Coupling, matching and spacing all affect an array but none of them explains this particular and very robust figure.

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