Discussion
What is the usual reason for choosing a subarray architecture?
Answer: A
Grouping elements behind one phase shifter or one receiver cuts the count of the most expensive components sharply, at the cost of quantisation lobes and reduced adaptive degrees of freedom. It is a compromise between a fully populated active array and a passive one. Coupling is unaffected, the beamwidth follows the total aperture as always, and calibration remains necessary. Most large arrays are subarrayed to some degree, and the level at which it is done is a major architectural decision.
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