Discussion
What is the relationship between gain and directivity?
Answer: C
Gain accounts for the power lost in the structure, so it is the directivity reduced by the radiation efficiency, and the two are equal only for a lossless antenna. A well made reflector may be ninety-nine per cent efficient so the distinction hardly matters, while a small electrically short antenna may be a few per cent efficient and the difference is enormous. Mismatch is usually accounted separately as realised gain, and aperture area enters the formula for directivity rather than this relation.
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