Discussion
Why is a very short dipole an inefficient radiator?
Answer: B
Radiation resistance falls as the square of the length in wavelengths, so for a very short element it becomes comparable with or smaller than the conductor and matching losses, and most of the input power is dissipated as heat. Its pattern is in fact very simple, close to that of an ideal dipole with a broad doughnut shape and no radiation along the axis at all, and its impedance is strongly capacitive rather than resistive. Efficiency, not pattern, is the limitation of an electrically small antenna.
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