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At what height does a horizontal dipole over ground first show a strong lobe at low elevation?

  • A.About one tenth of a wavelength above the surface
  • B.Only above two wavelengths of clearance
  • C.About half a wavelength above the surface
  • D.Directly on the surface with no clearance

Answer: C

At roughly half a wavelength the direct and reflected waves reinforce at a moderately low angle, which is why that height is a common compromise for long distance work at high frequency. Very close to the ground the reflected wave nearly cancels the direct one for a horizontal antenna, giving a pattern almost entirely upward, which is useful only for short skip communication. Height above ground is one of the most consequential and least appreciated installation choices.

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