Discussion
Why must an antenna pattern be measured in the far field?
Answer: A
Closer than about two D squared over lambda the phase across the aperture is not flat, so the measured pattern still changes with range and does not represent the published one. Signal is in fact stronger nearer, matching is a terminal property independent of range, and polarisation is established immediately. Everything published about an antenna implicitly refers to the far field, so a measurement that does not reach it is describing something else.
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