Discussion
Which one of the following is the most sensitive immunoassay?
Answer: D
The most sensitive of these is the radioimmunoassay.
A radioimmunoassay measures an antigen by its competition with a radiolabelled antigen for a limited amount of antibody. Because radioactivity can be counted very precisely, the method detects antigens at picogram levels, which is why Yalow and Berson's RIA was used to measure hormones such as insulin in blood.
Immunoelectrophoresis and radial immunodiffusion rely on visible precipitin lines or rings, which form only at much higher (microgram) concentrations of antigen. Immunofluorescence is used mainly to locate antigens in cells and tissues and is not a quantitative assay of comparable sensitivity.
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