Discussion
ELISA based on:
Answer: A
ELISA is based on immunochemical principles of antigen-antibody reaction.
In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, an antibody binds its specific antigen, and an enzyme linked to one of them converts a colourless substrate into a coloured product. The colour, read by a spectrophotometer, measures how much antigen or antibody is present. It combines an immunological binding with a chemical (enzyme) reaction, hence immunochemical.
The detection is not physical, which rules out the second option. Radioactive labels are used in radioimmunoassay, not ELISA. 'Immunological reactions' is too general, since it covers agglutination and precipitation tests as well.
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