Discussion
Why is a large aperture usually measured on a near field range rather than a far field one?
Answer: D
Because the far field begins at two D squared over lambda, a large aperture at microwave frequencies needs a range of hundreds of metres or kilometres, which is rarely available. Scanning a probe over a plane close to the aperture and transforming the result gives the far field pattern indoors. The method is not intrinsically more accurate, rotation is not the difficulty, and a near field range still needs careful absorber treatment. It is a case of substituting computation for physical distance.
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