Discussion
Consider the following statements about uniformly illuminated apertures.
1. The first side lobe of a rectangular aperture is 13.2 dB below the main lobe
2. The first side lobe of a circular aperture is 17.6 dB below the main lobe
3. Uniform illumination gives the lowest side lobes of any distribution
Which of the statements given above is or are correct?
Answer: D
The first two are the standard results for the two canonical geometries. The third is the reverse of the truth: uniform illumination gives the highest side lobes and the highest directivity, and every taper trades one for the other. Confusing maximum directivity with best pattern is easy because both sound like optimality, and the correction is to ask which quantity is being optimised before calling any distribution the best.
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