Discussion
Why does an aperture antenna have a well defined focal region rather than a single focal point?
Answer: B
A finite aperture cannot concentrate energy into a point, and diffraction gives a focal spot whose size is of the order of a wavelength across and rather more along the axis. That sets how accurately a feed must be positioned and how large it may be. Surface accuracy, frequency spread and angular spread all blur the focus further but the diffraction limit remains even when they are removed. A limit that survives making everything else ideal is an intrinsic one and is worth identifying as such.
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