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Why does a leaky wave antenna scan its beam with frequency?

  • A.The attenuation along the guide changes and shifts the effective aperture centre
  • B.The guide's phase velocity changes and with it the radiating angle
  • C.The individual radiating apertures resonate at different frequencies along the guide
  • D.The feed network introduces a progressive delay that varies with the frequency

Answer: B

The beam points where the radiated contributions add in phase, and that angle depends on the ratio of the free space wavenumber to the guide wavenumber, which changes with frequency. Tuning therefore steers the beam without any phase shifters at all. Element resonance, feed delay and attenuation shifts are secondary effects. Frequency scanning is a cheap form of electronic steering, limited by the fact that the frequency is then no longer free to be used for anything else.

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