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What limits how far a feed can be displaced from the focus before the beam is unusable?

  • A.The feed physically collides with the supporting struts of the reflector
  • B.The path length from the feed to the reflector rim exceeds the coherence length
  • C.The polarisation rotates progressively as the feed moves away from the axis
  • D.Coma lobes grow and the gain falls as the offset increases

Answer: D

Lateral displacement introduces an odd order phase error across the aperture, producing asymmetric coma lobes and a falling gain, and a few beamwidths of scan is usually the practical limit. Longer focal length reflectors tolerate more. Mechanical collision is a layout detail, coherence length is irrelevant at these scales, and polarisation is only slightly affected. Naming the aberration and the aperture error that produces it is what allows the limit to be predicted rather than discovered by experiment.

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