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What does a flat phase distribution across an aperture produce?

  • A.A beam pointing along the plane of the aperture itself
  • B.A pattern with no side lobes whatever the amplitude distribution
  • C.A pattern whose shape changes rapidly with the operating frequency
  • D.A beam pointing along the aperture normal

Answer: D

With equal phase everywhere, all contributions add along the normal to the aperture, putting the beam on boresight. Adding a linear phase gradient steers it away. Side lobes are governed by the amplitude distribution rather than the phase, and a flat phase distribution gives a stable rather than a frequency sensitive pattern. Phase points the beam and amplitude shapes it: that division covers most of what an aperture distribution does.

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