Discussion
What is the effect of ice forming on an unprotected reflector antenna?
Answer: C
A layer of ice adds a lossy dielectric of uneven thickness over the surface, introducing phase errors and absorption, so gain falls and side lobes rise. Heaters or a radome are the usual defences in cold climates. A reflector has no resonant frequency in the sense implied, polarisation is not rotated by a dielectric layer, and ice is a poor conductor rather than a good one. Environmental effects on the aperture surface are as much a part of antenna engineering as the electromagnetics.
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